Traditionally, the guarani species group contained two subgroups, guarani and guaramunu. Kastristis (1969), using polytene chromosome banding patterns, divided this group into two separate species groups based on the fact that the guaramunu species group is more closely related to the tripunctata group than either is to the guarani group. However, there is still some confusion over this placement, and Baechli (2005) lists these species in different subgroups of the same species group.
Currently, the guarani species group contains six species that are found in Central and South America. According to Kastristis (1969), who reviewed all the available data, D. guarani and D. subabdia are sister taxa. The guaramunu species group contains three described species that are also South American in distribution. Chromosome data suggest that, of these species, D. griseolineata and D. guaramunu are sister taxa (Kastristis, 1969). Four additional species are closely allied to these taxa, but an exact position cannot be determined at this time. Phylogenetic work on these species is sorely needed.
(excerpted from Markow and O’Grady, 2006, Chapter 1)
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